Earthbag / Superadobe

Peer Replacement — CMU / poured concrete replacement, especially in seismic zones

Best shape: Dome, curved, or rectilinear · Tier: Any, labor-intensive (1,500-2,500 bags for a small cabin)

30% clay / 70% sand-gravel fill, barbed wire between courses, UV cover/plaster mandatory (capping rule applies directly)

Verified — passed CA seismic code testing, proven in 2015 Nepal earthquake